The main characteristics of oxidative stress are mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production. During cerebral ischemia, the status and function of mitochondria are affected causing oxidative damage and generating excess ROS. Oxidative stress-related antibodies are powerful tools for studying these related pathways. The extent of mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production can be assessed by detecting changes in oxidative stress markers, thereby revealing the severity of cerebral ischemic damage. In addition, oxidative stress antibodies can also be used to study potential therapeutic strategies, such as the application of antioxidants, to alleviate oxidative damage induced by cerebral ischemia.