Rabbit Gluconeogenesis Sampler Kit Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.: DAB-0012066

Size: 20 µL Size: 100 µL Size: Customer Size

Product Information
Clonality	Monoclonal
Host Species	Rabbit
Product Description	Monoclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with synthetic peptides corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of human enolase-2 protein, human PGAM1 protein, and human PCK1 protein, near the amino terminus of human PCK2 protein, and surrounding Val106 of human FBP1/FBPase 1 protein and Pro8 of human GPI protein.Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with synthetic peptides corresponding to residues surrounding Thr298 of human PGK1 protein, near the carboxy terminus of human pyruvate carboxylase protein, and corresponding to residues surrounding Ala76 of human enolase-1 protein. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography. Pyruvate Carboxylase Antibody is purified by peptide affinity chromatography.
Format	Liquid
Purity	Affinity purity

Target Information
Gene Description	Enolase is an important glycolytic enzyme involved in the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. Mammalian enolase exists as three subunits: enolase-1, enolase-2, and enolase-3. Expression of the enolase isoforms differs in a tissue specific manner. Enolase-1 plays a key role in anaerobic metabolism under hypoxic conditions and may act as a cell surface plasminogen receptor during tissue invasion. Abnormal expression of enolase-1 is associated with tumor progression in some cases of breast and lung cancer. Alternatively, an enolase-1 splice variant binds the c-myc promoter p2 and may function as a tumor suppressor. For this reason, enolase-1 is considered as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of some forms of cancer. Research studies have shown elevated levels of neuron-specific enolase-2 in neuroblastoma and small-cell lung cancer. Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase 1, a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis, catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate. Inhibition of FBP1 expression in basal-like breast cancer cells leads to metabolic reprogramming, including enhanced glycolysis, which leads to increased glucose uptake, biosynthesis of macromolecules, and activation of PKM2. This metabolic reprogramming endows tumor cells with cancer stem cell -like properties, thereby increasing their tumorigenicity. Depletion of FBP1 was also reported in more than 600 clear cell renal cell carcinoma tumors, suggesting that FBP1 may inhibit ccRCC tumor progression. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase is a multi-functional protein belonging to the glucose phosphate isomerase family. As an intracellular metabolic enzyme, GPI plays a pivotal role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis by catalyzing the interconversion of D-glucose-6-phosphate and D-fructose-6-phosphate. GPI is also secreted, where it functions as a cytokine, acting via the E3-ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR/gp78. In normal tissues, GPI/AMF has been shown to promote both immune cell maturation and neuronal cell survival. It is also secreted in abundance by some tumor cells, where it has been shown to promote tumor cell migration and metastasis. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 is a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate. PCK1 and PCK2 are involved in controlling the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis in the liver, which generates glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates, such as lactate and glycerol. PCK2 encodes an isoform of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase that is found in the mitochondria of renal and hepatic tissues. Phosphoglycerate mutase catalyzes the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate during glycolysis. Research studies have shown increased PGAM1 expression in cancer and mental disease. PGK1 is an essential enzyme in the glycolysis pathway. It catalyzes the reversible phospho-transfer reaction from 1, 3-diphosphoglycerate to ADP to form ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate. The expression of PGK1 is upregulated in many cancer types and plays an important role in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate to replenish TCA cycle intermediates. It is also critical in regulating gluconeogenesis in the liver.

Target Information

Gene Description

Enolase is an important glycolytic enzyme involved in the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. Mammalian enolase exists as three subunits: enolase-1, enolase-2, and enolase-3. Expression of the enolase isoforms differs in a tissue specific manner. Enolase-1 plays a key role in anaerobic metabolism under hypoxic conditions and may act as a cell surface plasminogen receptor during tissue invasion. Abnormal expression of enolase-1 is associated with tumor progression in some cases of breast and lung cancer. Alternatively, an enolase-1 splice variant binds the c-myc promoter p2 and may function as a tumor suppressor. For this reason, enolase-1 is considered as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of some forms of cancer. Research studies have shown elevated levels of neuron-specific enolase-2 in neuroblastoma and small-cell lung cancer. Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase 1, a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis, catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate. Inhibition of FBP1 expression in basal-like breast cancer cells leads to metabolic reprogramming, including enhanced glycolysis, which leads to increased glucose uptake, biosynthesis of macromolecules, and activation of PKM2. This metabolic reprogramming endows tumor cells with cancer stem cell -like properties, thereby increasing their tumorigenicity. Depletion of FBP1 was also reported in more than 600 clear cell renal cell carcinoma tumors, suggesting that FBP1 may inhibit ccRCC tumor progression. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase is a multi-functional protein belonging to the glucose phosphate isomerase family. As an intracellular metabolic enzyme, GPI plays a pivotal role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis by catalyzing the interconversion of D-glucose-6-phosphate and D-fructose-6-phosphate. GPI is also secreted, where it functions as a cytokine, acting via the E3-ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR/gp78. In normal tissues, GPI/AMF has been shown to promote both immune cell maturation and neuronal cell survival. It is also secreted in abundance by some tumor cells, where it has been shown to promote tumor cell migration and metastasis. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 is a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate. PCK1 and PCK2 are involved in controlling the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis in the liver, which generates glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates, such as lactate and glycerol. PCK2 encodes an isoform of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase that is found in the mitochondria of renal and hepatic tissues. Phosphoglycerate mutase catalyzes the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate during glycolysis. Research studies have shown increased PGAM1 expression in cancer and mental disease. PGK1 is an essential enzyme in the glycolysis pathway. It catalyzes the reversible phospho-transfer reaction from 1, 3-diphosphoglycerate to ADP to form ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate. The expression of PGK1 is upregulated in many cancer types and plays an important role in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate to replenish TCA cycle intermediates. It is also critical in regulating gluconeogenesis in the liver.

Shipping & Storage
Shipping	Shipped at 4 °C.
Storage Instructions	Store at +4 °C short term (1-2 weeks). Store at -20 °C long term.
Storage Buffer	Constituent: 100% PBS

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