Ace Therapeutics is committed to providing high-quality palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance in vitro models for our clients. Our one-stop modeling service allows further study of the mechanism of insulin resistance in greater detail as a scientific basis for research and development of therapeutic strategies for diabetes and related metabolic diseases.

Introduction of Palmitic Acid-Induced In Vitro Models

Palmitic acid (PA) is a long-chain saturated fatty acid known to interfere with the insulin response and inhibit glucose uptake by skeletal muscle cells. It is widely used in various cell lines to induce in vitro insulin resistance modelling, including hepatocytes, skeletal muscle cells, and adipocytes. When these cells are exposed to high concentrations of palmitic acid, it leads to activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways, which inhibit insulin signaling and ultimately induce insulin resistance.

Fig. 1 Palmitic acid causes insulin resistance by several mechanisms. (Sánchez‐Alegría, K. and Arias., 2023)

Modeling Diabetes In Vitro Using Palmitic Acid

The experienced experts at Ace Therapeutics will provide one-stop services for the construction and evaluation of palmitic acid-induced in vitro models based on client demands.

• Model construction: We select appropriate insulin resistance model cell lines for in vitro model construction, such as C2C12 cell line, HepG2 cell line, and primary cells. Then, appropriate concentrations of palmitic acid are adopted on these cells to imitate the in vivo environment of fatty acid overload, resulting in the induction of an insulin-resistant state.
• Model validation: We analyze the validity of the model construction based on cellular response to insulin, which normally includes glucose uptake capacity, phosphorylation status of key proteins of the insulin signaling pathway, etc.
• Investigation of molecular mechanism: We identify the gene expression and protein levels associated with insulin resistance and then carry out an analysis on how those changes would affect cellular function.

Advantages of Our Palmitic Acid-Induced In Vitro Models

• Customized services: Experienced experts in our company provide customized services in palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance models according to the needs of our clients.
• High precision in modeling: We adopt high-purity palmitic acid and accurately controls the condition of cell culture to guarantee the stability and repeatability of model.
• Comprehensive analysis: We can provide comprehensive analysis services to support the validity of in vitro insulin resistance model, including but not limited to glucose uptake, insulin signaling pathway analysis, gene expression and protein level detection.

Applications of Palmitic Acid-Induced In Vitro Models

• Diabetes mechanisms research: We can help client explore the pathogenesis of diabetes and insulin resistance with our high-quality in vitro diabetes models.
• Metabolic diseases research: We can help our clients delve deep into how fatty acid excess contributes to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, thereby elucidating the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases.
• Drug screening: We support our clients in the evaluation of the efficacy of promising antidiabetic drugs, which helps to accelerate their drug development programs.

Our experienced experts in Ace Therapeutics, together with our efficient service processes, ensure that you get accurate palmitic acid-induced in vitro models to progress in your research in diabetes. If you would like to have further details, please feel free to contact us, fully committing ourselves to offering professional services in support of your scientific research.

Reference

1. Sánchez‐Alegría, K. and Arias. C. Functional consequences of brain exposure to saturated fatty acids: From energy metabolism and insulin resistance to neuronal damage. Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism. 2023, 6(1): e386.

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