Genetic and environmental factors can affect the transcription and expression of related genes through epigenetic modification, and ultimately lead to the occurrence and development of T2DM. Ace Therapeutics can provide researchers engaged in gene therapy of diabetes with more efficient gene function analysis and overall gene therapy services.
The development of T2DM is a multifactorial and polygenic process, and its pathogenesis is complex. Most genes related to T2DM are related to β-cells function related.
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Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a secreted secretion that can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Its biological activity mainly involves lowering blood glucose and improving blood lipid. It promotes glycogen synthesis, controls insulin action in the liver and maintains glucose homeostasis by activating insulin signaling pathways in the liver and primary hepatocytes. |
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Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a peptide hormone, mainly secreted by endocrine cells of small intestine in response to nutritional load, and has a variety of biological effects. On the one hand, GLP-1 acts on islet β-cells in the pancreas, promoting insulin secretion and at the same time promoting the proliferation and differentiation of islet β-cells. On the other hand, it can also act on islet α-cells to reduce postprandial glucagon secretion, reduce hepatic glycogen breakdown, lower postprandial blood sugar. |
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The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gene belongs to the steroid/thyroid/retinoic acid receptor superfamily and plays an important role in controlling fat storage and catabolism. |
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Insulin is secreted by pancreatic β-cells and is mainly used to lower blood sugar and promote the synthesis of glycogen, fat and protein. Insulin gene mutation can lead to the development of diabetes. |
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In T2DM over 400 genetic variants have been found, and each of them has only a moderate or small effect on the risk of T2DM. There are many candidate genes identified such as KCNQ1 gene, MODY gene, KCNJ11 gene, Calpain-10 gene, WFS1 gene, HNF1B gene, SLC30A8 gene, IGF2BP2 gene, CDKAL1 gene, JAZF1 gene, TSPAN8 gene, THADA gene, ADAMTS9 gene, NOTCH2 gene, ENPP1 gene, FABP gene, and ADIPOR2 gene et al. |
Most of the genes linked to diabetes are involved in pancreatic β-cell functions. Gene therapy for diabetes is to introduce normal functional genes into the endocrine cells of non-islet β-cells of diabetic patients, so that they express in a physiological pattern and secrete insulin, so as to achieve the treatment of islet β-cell deficient T2DM. Gene therapy can reverse T2DM related insulin resistance (IR) and other symptoms at animal level without obvious hypoglycemia and other side effects.
At present, the methods of target gene transfer used in gene therapy can be divided into two categories.
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RNA and DNA viruses can be used as vectors for gene transfer, usually retroviral vectors and adenoviral vectors. |
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Non-viral methods include calcium phosphate precipitation, liposome transfection and microinjection. |
Gene therapy research provides more options for diabetes treatment. With the goal of scientific research of diabetes, Ace Therapeutics can provide a full set of services of gene therapy schemes about T2DM. Our services include but not limited to the followings.
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Ace Therapeutics offers cost-effect and high-quality research services related to T2DM gene therapy for our clients worldwide. Our assays are developed and processed with the highest standard and the results are delivered on time without compromising quality. Please feel free to contact us.
